Method of forming valve-seats



w. E. COAKLEY. METHOD OF FORMING VALVE SEATS.

APPL'ICATION FILED MAY 1, I920.

Patented Sept. 6, 1921.,

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Elli

WILLIAM E.

(BURY, 01i CLEVELAND, OHIQ, ASSIGNOR TO THE OHIU BQDY &

BLGWER COIVIIPAAW, DIE CLEWLAND, 01-110, A. CORPORATION OF 015118.

METHOD OF FORMXNG VALVE-SEATS.

@riginai application filed December Y, 1917, Serial No. 206,098. Dividedand. this application filed May 1,

Specification of Letters Patent.

1920. Serial No. 378,150.

T all whom/it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. CoAKLnr. acitizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Qhio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Methods of Forming Valve-Seats, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

My present invention relates to a novel method of forming valve seats,this being a division of my former application Serial No. 206,093, filedDecember 7', 1917, which covers the apparatus for carrying out themethod.

Valve seats of the nature wherewith my invention is concerned werepreviously made by grinding or cutting away the metal and thisnecessitated the use of a lathe, requiring great care in setting up thework an operation incident to the use of machines of this class.Furthermore, equal care had to be exercised in grinding or cutting theseat to see that it was smooth and of the proper depth and degree oftaper. Such practice, involving so much labor and skill. obviously madethe production of valve seats slow and expensive.

Ubjects of the invention are to provide a method whereby valve seats maybe rapidly and economically produced by unskilled workmen; and which isparticularly convenient of practice.

To these ends my invention consists in producing valve seats by swagingthe material surrounding an aperture in the member that is to have thevalve seat thus, preferably by a single blow, to impart the desired sizeand shape to the seat, the swaging operation further having the effectof compressing and consequently hardening the material in the immediateregion of the seat, thereby enhancing its wearing qualities.Furthermore. by this method, the surfa e of the seat may be made assmooth as the work ing surface of the swage itself (within thelimitations of the quality of material wherein the seat is formed),,andthe swage of course may be given a highly finished working surface.

in the accompanying drawing, wherein l have illustrated apparatus forcarrying out my improved method, Figure 1 is a side elevation of theapparatus or machine; Fig. 2 is a sectional detail of a blank memberwherein valve seats are adapted to be formed in accordance with mymethod; Fig. 3 is a similar view of the member after the valve seatshave been formed therein; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the same; Fig.5 shows a machine through which my method may be employed for formingvalve seats inside valve casings; and Fig. 6 is a section on the line6-6 of Fig. 5.

lhe form of machine shown in Fig. 1 comprises a base 1 and a head 2, thelatter being supported a suitable distance above the base by a neck 3.The head overhangs the front portion of the base and has a bore 4 invertical alinement with a hole 5 of the base. A depression 6 is formedin the top of the base at the front, and in it is fastened a hardenedplate '7 as by screws 8, the plate having an aperture 9 that opens intothe hole 5. A swage 10 is guided within the bore l, and its lower end 11is shown as conical and as possessing the same degree of taper as thatto be given the valve seat.

A guide 15, consisting of a ,rod,'rises from and is carried by the swage10, and this rod. is graduated as indicated at 16 whereby the locationof an adjustable collar 18 may be determined as hereinafter explained.The collar is held to the rod by a set screw 19. A weight 20 is slidablefreely upon the rod between the upper end of the swage and the collar18.

in the use of the foregoing apparatus, the operator grasps the rod 15and lifts the swage 10 high enough to permit a member or element 22,wherein the valve seat is to be formed, to be placed upon the plate 7with its aperture 28 approximately in register with the opening 9 of theplate 7. He then lowers the swage so that its tapered end may enter theaperture of the member and accurately center or position it with respect to the swage. Leaving the swage in this position, the operatorelevates the weight until it attains the height of the collar 18, whenhe allows it to drop and impose a blow upon the upper end of the swage10 with the result that the seat is formed within the upper end of theaperture of the member 22, the seat being indicated, in Figs. 3 and d,at 24:. He then elevates the swage as before, inverts the member 22,

till

till

Mill

lllli lowers the swage into contact with the member, and then elevatesand drops the weight to form a valve seat at the opposite end of theaperture.

There is a rather important relation existing between the heft of theweight-plus that of the swage, rod and collar-and the height to whichthe weight is elevated before it is released, which determines the powerof the blow that is imparted to the element or member 22, and thisrelation may be altered through the adjustment of the collar 18 to varythe power of the blow according to the size of valve seat that is to beformed. It is clear that a valve seat of comparatively small diameterwould require a lighter blow than one of considerably greater diameter,for in the latter instance there would be much more metal to. displacethan in the former. The graduations 16 upon the rod 15 indicate thepositions which the collar 18 should occupy when the machine is adjustedto operate upon members having (in the present instance) externaldiameters indicated by the res ective graduations.

t may be explained that the elements or members 22 constitute reversiblevalve seats that are now in quite extensive use. However my method maybe used in producing valve seats in the interiors of valve casings bymodifying the machine as illustrated in Fig. 5. Here a plate 7 is setwithin the base 1 and is provided with a notch 9 into which a piece ofwork 25 maybe inserted, the work, in the present case, consisting of acasing having a flange 26 which rests upon the por tion of the plate 7surrounding the notch 9 The casing is further provided with bores 27 and28 of different diameters between which a shoulder 29 is formed, itbeing designed to have a valve seat 30 formed within the end of thevbore27 adjacent the shoulder 29.

10* is a swage that is adapted to be dropped into the bore 28 of thepiece of work before the latter is placed in the machine, the lowerconical end 11 of the swage projecting into the bore 27. As the flange26 is slid in upon the plate 7*, the upper end of the swage engages theinclined edge portion of the lower end of a hammer 33 that is guidedwithin the bore 4 of the head 2, elevating the hammer slightly andsupporting it with its enlarged upper end 34 oil a shoulder 35 that isformed by the enlargement of the upperend of the bore 4. A guide 15 iscarried by the hammer 35 and a weight 20 is reciprocable thereon so thatby raising the weight as inthe former case and allowing it to drop, itwill impart a blow, through the hammer 33, to the swage 10 of sufficientpower to produce the valve seat 30.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of producing valve seats in apertured members whichconsists in swaging the material surrounding the aperture to form theseat.

2. The method of producing valve seats in apertured members whichconsists in placing within the aperture a swage having a seat formingportion identical in form with the seat engaging portion of the valvewherewith the seat is designed for use, and imparting a blow to theswage.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

WILLIAM E.- COAKLE Y.

